The diagnoses and the decision to repair a hernia are made by a qualified physician. History and physical examination are essential and primary but a doctor may use medical imaging. There are signs that should concern a patient and prompt him to seek evaluation by a physician.
On physical examination a physician is looking for an abnormal abdominal lump or bulge. A reducible bulge is an absolute indication of a hernia. Key areas of suspicion are the groin, belly button and scars of previous surgery.
Ultrasound may be helpful in detecting small hernias, especially in obese patients. Ultrasounds however are not 100% accurate. Other medical imaging basically follow the same suite with minor advantages and disadvantages. Dr. Petersen almost never operates based solely on medical imaging findings.
A patient should be concerned and seek medical attention if they have pain, a bulge or a lump in the abdominal wall.